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in Maritime Archaeology
Dive into the latest discoveries and research in maritime archaeology with our news page.
Uncover stories about ancient shipwrecks, underwater excavations, and sunken treasures cities.
Stay updated on the mysteries of the deep seas and the rich history hidden beneath the waves. Join us on a journey to unravel the secrets of our maritime past.
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Byzantine shipwrecks in Fournoi Islands
Venturing 43-49 meters beneath the sea's surface, a pioneering research initiative has divulged the tales of several Late Roman and Byzantine shipwrecks nestled in the Fourni Archipelago. Spearheaded by the University of Thessaly and the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities, this expedition was set to study the ancient shipwrecks resting silently beneath the waves near Cape Aspros. What surfaced was a trove of artifacts spanning from the 5th to the 8th century AD, encompassing distinct varieties of amphorae and tableware ceramics, illuminating the intricate web of ancient trade routes spanning from the Black Sea to the Aegean. Despite grappling with nature's challenges, the team's unwavering dedication bore fruit, offering a captivating glimpse into ancient maritime routes and providing invaluable training prospects for future generations of underwater archaeologists.
Recreating a Viking Age anchor
Between May 24th to 29th 2024, visitors to the Viking Ship Museum witnessed a team of blacksmithing students recreate an impressive Viking Age anchor. This project is part of a collaboration between the museum and the National School of Blacksmithing. The anchor, based on a well-preserved example from the Ladby ship-grave, was forged for the museum’s new reconstruction of the Viking warship Skuldelev 5. The original Ladby anchor, a remarkable find from East Funen, provides unique insights into Viking maritime technology. This live demonstration offered a fascinating glimpse into ancient craftsmanship and experimental archaeology.
Deep-sea shipwrecks in South China Sea
In a groundbreaking discovery, Chinese archaeologists have uncovered two ancient shipwrecks thousands of meters beneath the South China Sea, using the submersible Shenhai Yongshi (Deep Sea Warrior). Found in 2022 at a depth of 1,500 meters, these shipwrecks, laden with over 100,000 porcelain pieces and processed wood logs from the Ming Dynasty, offer a captivating glimpse into maritime history. This find not only showcases China's advanced deep-sea exploration technology but also provides invaluable insights into ancient trade routes. The well-preserved relics can deepen our understanding of the Maritime Silk Road, marking a new chapter in high-tech deep-sea archaeology.
10 shipwrecks around the island of Kasos
A recent four-year underwater study around Kasos Island in Greece revealed ten shipwrecks spanning from prehistory to the Second World War. The research, conducted by the National Research Foundation and the Greek Ministry of Culture, uncovered diverse artifacts from regions like Spain, Italy, Africa, and Asia Minor. Notable finds include an ancient stone anchor, Roman amphorae, and drinking vessels. The project involved extensive documentation through underwater photography and advanced sonar mapping techniques. Funding from various organizations supported this groundbreaking exploration of Kasos Island's maritime history.
Photo: Kasos Project
Photo: Kasos Project
Digitalizing the Gjellestad ship
Norwegian archaeologists are digitizing 1,400 rivets from the Gjellestad Viking ship, aiming to complete an accurate digital reconstruction of the vessel, which was excavated in 2021. This project, the first of its kind in Norway in over a century, involves CT-scanning the rivets to create a detailed digital model that will offer new insights into Viking shipbuilding. Despite the ship's wood being mostly lost due to modern agricultural activities, parts of the keel were successfully extracted and are being preserved with polyethylene glycol for future exhibition. This effort facilitates further research and ensures the ship's legacy can be appreciated for generations.
Recovering the San José shipwreck
Colombia has initiated an underwater expedition to delve into the mysteries of the San José, a Spanish warship that found its final resting place in the Caribbean over 300 years ago. Laden with a trove of treasures, including gold, silver, emeralds, and more, the ship has been dubbed the "holy grail of shipwrecks." The first phase of the expedition aims to capture detailed images of the vessel using remote sensors, with subsequent stages potentially involving the recovery of archaeological artifacts. Declaring the site a national protected area underscores Colombia's commitment to preserving its historical significance. This groundbreaking endeavor signifies Colombia's dedication to unraveling the rich tapestry of history and culture buried beneath the waves.
Submerged building in Salamis
In July 2022, the seventh consecutive year of underwater research off the eastern coast of Salamis unveiled a remarkable seven-room structure. This exploration, part of a three-year program (2020-2022), was conducted by the Institute of Marine Archaeological Research (I.EN.A.E.) and the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities (E.E.A.) of the Ministry of Culture. Led by Dr. Angeliki G. Simosi and Professor Giannos G. Lolos, the team utilized innovative 'amphibious' excavation techniques to uncover a long public building, partially submerged, featuring robust walls and a series of well-preserved rooms. This discovery provides significant insights into the architectural and urban organization of the ancient city of Salamis, enhancing our understanding of its classical period.
17th-century warship 'Delmenhorst'
Maritime archaeologists from Denmark's Viking Ship Museum have discovered a 17th-century warship wreck in the South Fehmarnbelt. Likely the Danish warship 'Delmenhorst,' it sank during the Battle of the Fehmarnbelt in 1644. The find, located 3.5 meters underwater near Lolland's coast, includes shattered bronze cannons and cannonballs, evidence of its wartime use. The Delmenhorst was one of the first ships built to a design and is the last of three Danish ships sunk in the battle. Archaeologists are now digitally documenting the site with 30,000 photos to create a 3D model before preserving the wreck beneath a new beach park. This discovery, part of a project tied to the construction of a tunnel to Germany, will be featured in an exhibition at the Viking Ship Museum in 2021.
Traces of the Maritime Silk Road
A recent archaeological salvage operation near the islet of Shengbeiyu in Zhangzhou, Fujian Province, has uncovered the remnants of a vessel from the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), submerged for over 700 years. Spearheaded by the National Centre of Archaeology (NCA) and local authorities, the project has unveiled over 17,100 Longquan Celadon porcelains, showcasing the historic opulence of the Maritime Silk Road. These exquisite artifacts, including bowls, plates, cups, and incense burners, offer insights into the flourishing trade and government encouragement of overseas commerce during the Yuan Dynasty. Marking a milestone in China's underwater archaeology, this study sheds light on the intricate maritime networks that shaped the region's prosperity centuries ago.
News from the Antikythera shipwreck
The latest underwater research at the Antikythera shipwreck site has revealed new archaeological artifacts, including fragments of sculptures and early Byzantine vessel fragments, shedding light on the preservation status of the ship's hull. Conducted as part of the "Return to Antikythera" program from May 19 to June 18, 2023, the research involved a diverse team of experts aiming to address past excavation challenges. Stratigraphic surveys unveiled new insights into the wreck's condition, particularly in the extensive underwater area where excavations continued despite previous difficulties. Notable discoveries include marble objects and human bones, alongside pottery and glass vessel fragments. The presence of early Byzantine artifacts suggests the maritime area's historical significance as a shipping route. Digital documentation and on-site analysis further enhance the research process, led by the Swiss School of Archaeology in Greece and supervised by the Ephorate of Underwater Antiquities.
17th-century cannon from Mandal
In August 2020, divers from Mandal Diving Club discovered a rare 17th-century cannon at a depth of 20 meters near Skjernøy, off the coast of Mandal, Southern Norway. To protect the artifact from potential looting, the Norwegian Maritime Museum, in collaboration with the diving club, retrieved the cannon for conservation. Initially thought to be bronze, the cannon was found to be made of a metal composite used by the Dutch East India and West India Companies around 1630. Measuring just under 120 cm and weighing 90 kg, it bears unique inscriptions and marine growth, suggesting it may be linked to a Dutch shipwreck from the same era. Now undergoing preservation, the cannon's detailed 3D model is available for viewing, and further treatment is expected to reveal more about its origins and history.
Endurance lost ship located in Antarctic
An expedition by Endurance22 has announced the remarkable discovery of Sir Ernest Shackleton’s ship, Endurance, off the coast of Antarctica. The three-masted barquentine, dispatched on the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition, became trapped in ice in the Weddell Sea before sinking, leading Shackleton and his crew to endure a series of harrowing challenges. The ship, found upright on the seabed in remarkably intact condition, holds poignant historical significance, particularly as the discovery coincides with the centenary of Shackleton's burial on South Georgia. This monumental achievement underscores the power of international collaboration and highlights the enduring legacy of exploration.
Neolithic boats from La Marmotta
7,000-year-old Neolithic boats discovered along the Mediterranean shores near Rome unveil a remarkable advancement in ancient maritime technology, as revealed by a recent study led by archaeologists from the Spanish National Research Council in Barcelona. These intricately crafted canoes, dating back to 5700-5100 BCE, were meticulously carved from various types of wood, showcasing sophisticated construction techniques such as transverse reinforcements for enhanced durability and maneuverability. Notably, the presence of T-shaped wooden objects suggests their use in securing sails or other nautical elements. This discovery challenges previous notions of prehistoric seafaring capabilities and underscores the nuanced understanding of material properties among ancient boat builders. The findings also hint at extensive maritime interactions among Neolithic communities, with potential voyages beyond Lake Bracciano, evidenced by the presence of exotic artifacts like Greek pottery and obsidian tools from distant islands. With ongoing research promising further insights into ancient navigation, these Neolithic canoes stand as testament to humanity's enduring quest for exploration and understanding of our maritime heritage.
The Mesolithic site of Bouldnor Cliff
Archaeologists from the University of Warwick are embarking on a groundbreaking underwater expedition to explore the submerged Mesolithic site of Bouldnor Cliff, nestled in the Solent between the Isle of Wight and the southern coast of England. The urgency of the study arises from the imminent threat of erosion, which could erase invaluable historical evidence. Discovered in 1999 by divers noticing lobsters discarding worked flint tools, this site offers a unique glimpse into Britain's prehistoric past, revealing an advanced Mesolithic community that pioneered boat-building technology. Led by Professor Robin Allaby, the interdisciplinary study, funded by the Leverhulme Trust, aims to unravel the mysteries of Bouldnor Cliff before they vanish into history's depths. Innovative techniques like optical simulated luminescence and sedimentary ancient DNA analysis will aid in dating sediments and recovering artifacts, offering insights into the late Ice Age environment and the extent of interaction between Bouldnor Cliff inhabitants and Europe. As erosion continues to threaten the site, the race against time underscores the urgency of this research endeavor, which promises to revolutionize our understanding of Britain's emergence as an island.
17th-century British warship in Florida
Archaeologists have confirmed the identity of a shipwreck discovered in Dry Tortugas National Park as the HMS Tyger, a 17th-century British warship that met its end in 1742 after running aground during the War of Jenkins Ear. The discovery was solidified by the recovery of five cannons, strategically located near the main wreck-site, matching historical accounts of the ship's grounding. This breakthrough, alongside a reevaluation of the wreck site and artifacts found there, has been published in the International Journal of Nautical Archaeology. The wreck's identification brings it under the protection of the USA’s Sunken Military Craft Act of 2004, ensuring preservation and marking it as sovereign property of Britain.
Photo: Brett Seymour / NPS
Photo: Brett Seymour / NPS
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